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学中文只需这七步!Learn Chinese in ONLY 7 Steps 汉语学习技巧/方法/步骤分享

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学中文只需这七步—Learn Chinese in ONLY 7 Steps:
✸STEP 1:拼音 , pīn yīn , Pinyin
✸STEP 2:笔画 , bǐ huà , Strokes
✸STEP 3:偏旁部首 , piān páng bù shǒu , Radicals
✸STEP 4:词汇 , cí huì , Vocabulary
✸STEP 5:句型 , jù xíng , Sentence Types
✸STEP 6:标点符号 , biāo diǎn fú hào , Punctuations
✸STEP 7:文章 , wén zhāng , Articles;故事 , gù shì , Stories;对话 , duì huà , Conversations

中文(Chinese)是中国的语言文字。特指汉族的语言文字。在汉字文化圈和海外华人社区中,中文也被称为华文、汉语。

中文(汉语)有标准语和方言之分,其标准语即汉语普通话,是规范后的汉民族共同语,也是中国的国家通用语言。现代汉语方言一般可分为:官话方言、吴方言、湘方言、客家方言、闽方言、粤方言、赣方言等。汉字是中文的书写体系,现存最早可识的汉字是殷商的甲骨文和稍后的金文,在西周时演变成籀文,到秦朝发展出小篆和秦隶,至汉魏时隶书盛行,到了汉末隶书隶变楷化为正楷,楷书盛行于魏晋南北朝,至今通行。现代汉字是指楷化后的汉字正楷字形,包括繁体中文和简体中文。中文也是联合国六种工作语言之一。

中文特指汉语言文字或汉语言文学。由于民间“语(言)文(字)”两个概念不分,因此中文便成为汉语言文字的民间通俗统称,包括书写体系和发音体系。王力《龙虫并雕斋琐语·西洋人的中国故事》:“依查理·蓝说,这故事是根据一个中文手抄本,由一个懂得中文的朋友讲给他听的。” 在汉字文化圈和海外华人社区中,中文也被称为汉文、华文。现代汉语(普通话)是世界上使用人数最多的语言。中文使用人数已达到十七亿以上。在中国,大陆使用简体汉字,港澳台地区使用繁体汉字。

Chinese (simplified Chinese: 汉语; traditional Chinese: 漢語; pinyin: Hànyǔ or also 中文; Zhōngwén, especially for the written language) is a group of language varieties that form the Sinitic branch of the Sino-Tibetan languages, spoken by the ethnic Han Chinese majority and many minority ethnic groups in Greater China. About 1.7 billion people (or approximately 16% of the world’s population) speak a variety of Chinese as their first language.

The spoken varieties of Chinese are usually considered by native speakers to be variants of a single language. Due to their lack of mutual intelligibility, however, they are classified as separate languages in a family by some linguists, who note that the varieties are as divergent as the Romance languages. Investigation of the historical relationships among the varieties of Chinese is just starting. Currently, most classifications posit 7 to 13 main regional groups based on phonetic developments from Middle Chinese, of which the most spoken by far is Mandarin (with about 800 million speakers, or 66%), followed by Min (75 million, e.g. Southern Min), Wu (74 million, e.g. Shanghainese), and Yue (68 million, e.g. Cantonese). These branches are unintelligible to each other, and many of their subgroups are unintelligible with the other varieties within the same branch (e.g. Southern Min). There are, however, transitional areas where varieties from different branches share enough features for some limited intelligibility, including New Xiang with Southwest Mandarin, Xuanzhou Wu with Lower Yangtze Mandarin, Jin with Central Plains Mandarin and certain divergent dialects of Hakka with Gan (though these are unintelligible with mainstream Hakka). All varieties of Chinese are tonal to at least some degree, and are largely analytic.


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