“警方”作为现代汉语合成词，由”警”（警戒、警报）与”方”（方面、方向）组合而成，特指公安机关及其警务人员构成的职能体系。
“Police,” a modern Chinese compound word, is composed of “jing” (jing, meaning alert, alarm) and “fang” (fang, meaning aspect, direction). It specifically refers to the functional system comprised of public security organs and their personnel.
该词常见于刑事案件报道及法律文书中，例如”犯罪嫌疑人已被警方抓获”的表述，凸显公安机关在执法程序中的主体地位。
This term is often found in criminal case reports and legal documents, such as the phrase “the criminal suspect has been apprehended by the police,” highlighting the public security organs’ dominant role in law enforcement.
法定职能
警方在执行逮捕措施时需满足三项要件：
- 有证据证明存在犯罪事实
- 可能判处有期徒刑以上刑罚
- 存在社会危险性或妨碍刑事诉讼风险
对于患有严重疾病或处于妊娠哺乳期的嫌疑人，经风险评估后可采取取保候审等替代强制措施。在实务操作中，警方需严格遵循法定程序，如在扫黑专项行动中依法对黑社会组织成员实施抓捕。
实务应用
日本电视剧《疑惑》展现了警方在谋杀案侦查中的典型工作流程：当金泽市发生疑似保险诈骗杀人案时，警方介入调查包括现场勘查、证人问询、证据链构建等环节，最终锁定犯罪嫌疑人球磨子。该案例反映出警方在刑事案件中承担证据收集与案件侦破的核心职能。
在日常勤务中，警方通过多种形式履行职务：
- 夜间巡查维护治安（对应”衣警夜行”）
- 持续追捕在逃案犯（体现”警追不舍”）
- 开展队列训练提升专业素质（展示”警然有序”）
Statutory Functions
Police must meet three requirements when making an arrest:
Evidence of a crime
Possible sentence of imprisonment or above
Possible social danger or risk of obstructing criminal proceedings
For suspects with serious illnesses or who are pregnant or breastfeeding, alternative compulsory measures such as bail pending trial may be adopted after a risk assessment. In practice, police must strictly adhere to statutory procedures, such as when arresting members of organized crime organizations in accordance with the law during anti-gang operations.
Practical Application
The Japanese TV series “Doubt” depicts the typical police work process in a murder investigation: When a suspected insurance fraud murder occurs in Kanazawa City, police intervene in the investigation, including on-site inspections, witness interviews, and evidence compilation, ultimately identifying the suspect, Kumako. This case highlights the police’s core role in evidence collection and case solving in criminal cases.
In their daily duties, police perform their duties in various ways:
Night patrols maintain public order (corresponding to “police officers marching at night”);
Continuously pursuing fugitives (embodying the principle of “relentless pursuit”);
Conducting drills to enhance professionalism (demonstrating “police in good order”);