面部五官 , miàn bù wǔ guān , Facial Features
眉 , méi , Eyebrows
眉毛 , méi mao , Eyebrows
眼 , yǎn , Eyes
眼睛 , yǎn jīng , Eyes
耳 , ěr , Ears
耳朵 , ěr duo , Ears
鼻 , bí , Nose
鼻子 , bí zi , Nose
口 , kǒu , Mouth
嘴巴 , zuǐ ba , Mouth
人体五官，出处《黄帝内经》。有多种解释，有人认为五官指“耳、眉、眼、鼻、唇”等五种人体器官，也有人认为五官指“耳、目、鼻、唇、舌”，还有人认为指“耳、眉、目、鼻、口”。而从医学上来讲，五官是指人体的五种感觉器官，除了眼、耳、口、鼻分别代表视觉、听觉、味觉、嗅觉之外，还有一种感觉器官，指的是位于内耳前庭的“位置器”，也叫“平衡器”。
The five senses of the human body, from “The Yellow Emperor’s Internal Classic”. There are many explanations. Some people think that the five sense organs refer to the five human organs such as “ears, eyebrows, eyes, nose, and lips.” Others think that the five senses refer to “ears, eyes, nose, lips, and tongue”. Eyebrows, eyes, nose, mouth”. From a medical point of view, the five sense organs refer to the five sense organs of the human body. In addition to the eyes, ears, mouth, and nose which represent vision, hearing, taste, and smell, there is also a sense organ, which refers to the vestibule of the inner ear. Positioner” is also called “balancer”.
学术含义
1、以中医学理论而言，指耳、目、鼻、唇、舌。中医理论体系的奠基之作《黄帝内经》（主要汇集了春秋至战国时的医疗理论和临床经验）之《素问》中有云“肝主目……心主舌……脾主口……肺主鼻……肾主耳”，《黄帝内经》之《灵枢》中更明确记载“鼻者，肺之官也；目者，肝之官也；口唇者，脾之官也；舌者，心之官也；耳者，肾之官也”。此理论流传至今。正因此，“官”是否应该解释为“器官”还有待考究。中医有“脾胃者，仓廪之官”，脾胃是管仓库的官员。可见“官”乃官员之意。中医把五脏六腑比作朝廷官员，论述五脏六腑的关系。“器官”之意应该是受到西方医学的影响，将脏器之意合为一起。
2、以内心感知外界事物之途径而言，指耳、目、鼻、口、身。战国时思想家、教育家荀子（荀况）在《天论》中提出：“耳目鼻口形，能各有接而不相能也，夫是之谓天官”。今人或谓之耳、目、鼻、舌、肤，分别司听、视、嗅、味、体（触、压、冷、热）等五种感觉。
3、以人在活动(尤其是高级活动)中使用最多的外部器官而言，指耳、目、口、手（见《隋书·北史·刘炫传》），主要用来聆听、观看、讲述和操作。双手各有其用而为两官，但耳目不然（例如双眼不能各视一物）。
Academic meaning
1. According to the theory of Chinese medicine, it refers to ears, eyes, nose, lips and tongue. The foundation work of the theoretical system of Chinese medicine, “Huang Di Nei Jing” (mainly a collection of medical theories and clinical experience from the Spring and Autumn Period to the Warring States Period), “Su Wen”, says “The liver governs the eyes… the heart governs the tongue… the spleen governs the mouth… The lung governs the nose… the kidney governs the ears. In the “Lingshu” of the Yellow Emperor’s Internal Classic, it is more clearly stated that “the nose is the official of the lung; the eye is the official of the liver; the lips are the official of the spleen; the tongue is also the official , The official of the heart; the official of the ear, the official of the kidney”. This theory has been passed down to this day. For this reason, whether “officials” should be interpreted as “organs” remains to be determined. In Chinese medicine, there is “the spleen and stomach, the official of the warehouse.” It can be seen that “official” means official. Traditional Chinese medicine compares the internal organs to court officials and discusses the relationship between the internal organs and the six internal organs. The meaning of “organ” should be influenced by Western medicine, combining the meaning of organs together.
2. In terms of the way to perceive external things in the heart, it refers to ears, eyes, nose, mouth, and body. Xun Zi (Xun Kuang), a thinker and educator during the Warring States Period, put forward in “The Theory of Heaven”: “Ears, eyes, nose and mouth shape can each be connected but not capable of each other. The husband is the official of heaven.” Today’s people are called ears, eyes, nose, tongue, and skin, respectively, listening, seeing, smelling, smelling, body (touching, pressing, cold, and hot).
3. In terms of the external organs that people use most in activities (especially high-level activities), they refer to ears, eyes, mouths, and hands (see “Sui Shu·Northern History·Liu Xuan Biography”), which are mainly used for listening, watching and telling And operation. Both hands have their own functions and serve as two sense organs, but not the eyes and ears (for example, the eyes cannot see the same thing).
