{"id":3432,"date":"2025-03-19T16:38:06","date_gmt":"2025-03-19T20:38:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mygiantpanda.com\/xzw\/?p=3432"},"modified":"2025-03-19T16:38:06","modified_gmt":"2025-03-19T20:38:06","slug":"dian-dong-che","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.mygiantpanda.com\/xzw\/dian-dong-che\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6c49\u8bed\u8bfe\u3010\u7535\u52a8\u8f66 di\u00e0n d\u00f2ng ch\u0113\u3011Electric Vehicles \u4f7f\u7528\u7535\u529b\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u6c7d\u8f66 Chinese Lessons \u5b66\u4e2d\u6587\u6559\u7a0b"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"width: 100%; margin: 0 0 15px 0; overflow: hidden;\" align=\"center\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/rOQGpad8O8M?rel=0\" width=\"374\" height=\"210\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p>\u7535\u52a8\u8f66\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff1aelectric vehicle\uff09\u6216\u7535\u52a8\u6c7d\u8f66\uff08electric car\uff09\u6cdb\u6307\u6240\u6709\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u7535\u80fd\u9a71\u52a8\u7535\u52a8\u673a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u52a8\u529b\u7684\u79c1\u4eba\u8f6e\u5f0f\u8f66\u8f86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Electric vehicles (English: electric vehicle) or electric cars generally refer to all personal wheeled vehicles that can use electric energy to drive electric motors as power.<br \/>\n<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u6309\u7167\u52a8\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5206\u7c7b\uff0c\u7535\u52a8\u8f66\u53c8\u53ef\u7ec6\u5206\u4e3a\u7eaf\u7535\u52a8\u8f66\u6216\u7535\u6c60\u7535\u52a8\u8f66\uff08BEV\uff09\u3001\u6df7\u5408\u52a8\u529b\u7535\u52a8\u8f66\uff08HEV\uff09\u548c\u71c3\u6599\u7535\u6c60\u8f66\uff08FCEV\uff09\u3002\u884c\u4e1a\u672f\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u7535\u52a8\u8f66\u201d\u901a\u5e38\u6307\u5145\u7535\u5f0f\u7535\u52a8\u8f66\u8f86\uff08PIEV\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u7eaf\u7535\u52a8\u8f66\u548c\u63d2\u7535\u5f0f\u6df7\u5408\u52a8\u529b\u8f66\uff08PHEV\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u5e7f\u4e49\u4e0a\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u62ec\u589e\u7a0b\u7535\u52a8\u8f66\uff08REEV\uff09\u3001\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u8f66\u548c\u71c3\u6599\u7535\u6c60\u8f66\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7279\u70b9<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5185\u71c3\u673a\u6c7d\u8f66\uff08\u71c3\u6cb9\u8f66\uff09\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u4ece\u80fd\u91cf\u5bc6\u5ea6\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c1\u5343\u514b\uff082.2\u82f1\u78c5\uff09\u7684\u6c7d\u6cb9\u7ea6\u542b43\u5146\u7126\u8033\uff0812\u5343\u74e6\u00b7\u5c0f\u65f6\uff09\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u80fd\uff0c\u800c1\u516c\u65a4\u91cd\u7684\u9502\u79bb\u5b50\u7535\u6c60\u4ec5\u53ef\u50a8\u5b580.15\u5343\u74e6\u00b7\u5c0f\u65f6\uff080.54\u5146\u7126\u8033\uff09\u7684\u7535\u80fd\uff0c\u8fdc\u4f4e\u4e8e\u540c\u91cd\u91cf\u7684\u5316\u77f3\u71c3\u6599\u3002\u4f46\u7535\u52a8\u673a\u7684\u4f53\u79ef\u548c\u91cd\u91cf\u4e5f\u8fdc\u4f4e\u4e8e\u5185\u71c3\u673a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5bfc\u6cb9\u7ba1\u3001\u6cb9\u6cf5\u548c\u6392\u6c14\u7cfb\u7edf\u7b49\u8f85\u52a9\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u6389\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u91cd\u91cf\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u7535\u52a8\u8f66\u7535\u6c60\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u53ea\u8981\u6709\u7535\u7f51\u8986\u76d6\u7684\u5730\u533a\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u5145\u7535\uff0c\u6240\u6d88\u8017\u7684\u7535\u8d39\u6210\u672c\u4e5f\u8fdc\u4f4e\u4e8e\u77f3\u6cb9\u5de5\u4e1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5f00\u91c7\u3001\u7cbe\u70bc\u3001\u8fd0\u8f93\u548c\u9500\u552e\u540e\u8f6c\u5ac1\u7ed9\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7684\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u5176\u666e\u53ca\u7684\u6f5c\u529b\u5de8\u5927\u3002\u4f46\u56e0\u4e3a\u7535\u52a8\u8f66\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4ecd\u7136\u8f83\u77ed\uff0c\u73b0\u6709\u7535\u6c60\u6280\u672f\u4ecd\u6709\u5c40\u9650\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u516c\u5171\u5145\u7535\u6869\u666e\u53ca\u5ea6\u76ee\u524d\u4ecd\u8fdc\u4f4e\u4e8e\u52a0\u6cb9\u7ad9\uff08\u71c3\u6cb9\u8f66\u5728\u666e\u53ca\u4e0a\u6709\u8fd1\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u5148\u53d1\u4f18\u52bf\uff09\uff0c\u6240\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u91cc\u7a0b\u7126\u8651\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u7535\u52a8\u8f66\u666e\u53ca\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u969c\u788d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7535\u52a8\u8f66\u5c5e\u4e8e\u65b0\u80fd\u6e90\u8f66\uff0c\u8f66\u8f86\u6574\u4f53\u5c3e\u6c14\u6392\u653e\u91cf\u8f83\u4f4e\uff08\u7eaf\u7535\u52a8\u8f66\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u65e0\u6392\u653e\uff0c\u4f46\u4f9b\u7535\u7684\u53d1\u7535\u5382\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u6e29\u5ba4\u6c14\u4f53\u6392\u653e\u548c\u7a7a\u6c14\u6c61\u67d3\uff09\uff0c\u884c\u9a76\u65f6\u66f4\u5b89\u9759\u3001\u53cd\u5e94\u66f4\u7075\u654f\u3001\u80fd\u91cf\u8f6c\u6362\u6548\u7387\u4f18\u8d8a\u4e14\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u52a0\u6cb9\u7ad9\uff08\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u6709\u53ef\u9760\u4fbf\u7528\u7684\u5145\u7535\u6869\u8bbe\u65bd\u6216\u5bb6\u7528\u7535\u6e90\uff09\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u7535\u6c60\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u5bc6\u5ea6\u8fdc\u4e0d\u5982\u71c3\u6599\uff0c\u4f46\u4ece\u6cb9\u7bb1\/\u7535\u6c60\u5230\u8f66\u8f6e\u7684\u53d1\u52a8\u673a\u80fd\u91cf\u8f6c\u6362\u6548\u7387\u76f8\u5dee\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u6c7d\u6cb9\u8f66\u8f86\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u8f6c\u6362\u6548\u7387\u572814~33% \uff0c\u67f4\u6cb9\u8f66\u8f86\u572828~42%\uff0c\u7535\u52a8\u8f66\u5219\u572886%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5316\u77f3\u71c3\u6599\u867d\u7136\u80fd\u91cf\u5bc6\u5ea6\u8fdc\u9ad8\u4e8e\u7535\u6c60\uff0c\u4f46\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u80fd\u91cf\u90fd\u88ab\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u65e0\u7528\u529f\uff08\u566a\u97f3\u3001\u632f\u52a8\u548c\u5e9f\u6c14\u52a8\u80fd\u7b49\uff09\u6d6a\u8d39\u6389\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u7531\u4e8e\u5e9f\u70ed\u95ee\u9898\u5fc5\u987b\u4e3a\u53d1\u52a8\u673a\u914d\u5907\u7e41\u7410\u4e14\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u91cd\u91cf\u7684\u51b7\u5374\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u800c\u7535\u52a8\u673a\u5219\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6b64\u5916\u56e0\u4e3a\u71c3\u6cb9\u7684\u71c3\u70e7\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u63a7\u7684\uff0c\u5185\u71c3\u673a\u5728\u4f4e\u901f\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6548\u7387\u4e0d\u4f73\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8f66\u8f86\u505c\u4f4f\u4e0d\u52a8\u65f6\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u7ef4\u6301\u6020\u901f\u624d\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7184\u706b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9700\u8981\u53d8\u901f\u5668\u548c\u79bb\u5408\u5668\u6765\u8f6c\u5316\u626d\u77e9\uff1b\u800c\u7535\u52a8\u673a\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u529f\u7387\u548c\u626d\u77e9\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u4e0e\u7535\u80fd\u8f93\u5165\u529f\u7387\u662f\u7ebf\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5355\u901f\u4f20\u52a8\u5c31\u505a\u5230\u65e0\u7ea7\u53d8\u901f\u5668\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>According to the power system classification, electric vehicles can be further divided into pure electric vehicles or battery electric vehicles (BEV), hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) and fuel cell vehicles (FCEV). &#8220;Electric vehicles&#8221; in industry terms usually refer to plug-in electric vehicles (PIEV), that is, pure electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV), but in a broad sense, they can also include extended-range electric vehicles (REEV), solar vehicles and fuel cell vehicles.<\/p>\n<p>Features<\/p>\n<p>Compared with traditional internal combustion engine vehicles (fuel vehicles), from the perspective of energy density, 1 kg (2.2 pounds) of gasoline contains about 43 megajoules (12 kilowatt-hours) of chemical energy, while 1 kg of lithium-ion batteries can only store 0.15 kilowatt-hours (0.54 megajoules) of electrical energy, which is much lower than the same weight of fossil fuels. However, the size and weight of electric motors are also much lower than internal combustion engines, and they do not require auxiliary systems such as oil pipes, oil pumps and exhaust systems, which can save a lot of design space and weight. Moreover, in theory, electric vehicle batteries can be charged in areas covered by power grids, and the electricity costs consumed are much lower than the costs that the oil industry passes on to consumers after mining, refining, transportation and sales, so the potential for popularization is huge. However, because the history of large-scale development of electric vehicles is still relatively short, the existing battery technology is still limited, and the popularity of public charging piles is still far lower than that of gas stations (fuel vehicles have a first-mover advantage of nearly a century in popularity), the resulting range anxiety is currently the main obstacle to the popularization of electric vehicles.<\/p>\n<p>Electric vehicles are new energy vehicles, with low overall vehicle exhaust emissions (pure electric vehicles are basically emission-free, but the power plants that supply them may produce greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution), quieter when driving, more responsive, superior energy conversion efficiency, and no reliance on gas stations (provided that there are reliable and convenient charging pile facilities or household power supplies). In addition, although the energy density of batteries is far less than that of fuel, the energy conversion efficiency of the engine from the tank\/battery to the wheel varies greatly, with gasoline vehicles having an energy conversion efficiency of 14~33%, diesel vehicles at 28~42%, and electric vehicles at more than 86%. This means that although the energy density of fossil fuels is much higher than that of batteries, most of the energy is converted into useless work (noise, vibration, exhaust gas kinetic energy, etc.) and wasted. In addition, due to the waste heat problem, the engine must be equipped with a cumbersome cooling system that takes up space and weight, while electric motors do not have this problem. In addition, because the combustion of fuel is not completely controllable, the internal combustion engine is not efficient at low speeds, and the vehicle needs to maintain idle speed when it is stationary so that it will not stall, so a transmission and clutch are needed to convert torque; the output power and torque of the electric motor are basically linearly related to the input power of the electric energy, and a single-speed transmission can achieve the effect of a continuously variable transmission.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7535\u52a8\u8f66\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff1aelectric vehicle\uff09\u6216\u7535\u52a8\u6c7d\u8f66\uff08electric car\uff09\u6cdb\u6307\u6240\u6709\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u7535\u80fd\u9a71\u52a8\u7535\u52a8\u673a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u52a8\u529b\u7684\u79c1\u4eba\u8f6e\u5f0f\u8f66\u8f86\u3002 Electric vehicles (English: electric vehicle) or electric cars generally refer to all personal wheeled vehicles that can use electric energy to drive electric motors as power.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"video","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[415,414],"class_list":["post-3432","post","type-post","status-publish","format-video","hentry","category-write-chinese","tag-415","tag-414","post_format-post-format-video"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.mygiantpanda.com\/xzw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3432","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.mygiantpanda.com\/xzw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.mygiantpanda.com\/xzw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.mygiantpanda.com\/xzw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.mygiantpanda.com\/xzw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3432"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.mygiantpanda.com\/xzw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3432\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.mygiantpanda.com\/xzw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3432"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.mygiantpanda.com\/xzw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3432"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.mygiantpanda.com\/xzw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3432"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}